【C/C++11】贪吃蛇游戏

一、题目

贪吃蛇游戏机制是通过控制蛇上下左右移动并吃到食物得分。

蛇头碰到墙壁或者碰到蛇身就游戏结束。

食物随机生成，蛇吃到食物之后蛇身变长，蛇速加快。

二、算法

1. 初始化游戏地图并打印，地图的边缘是墙，地图的每个坐标都有属性（EMPTY、WALL、FOOD、HEAD、BODY），通过<Window.h>库里面的函数控制光标跳转和颜色。

2. 初始化蛇，蛇是一个单独的类，类里面的属性有蛇头、蛇身、长度、速度，蛇头一个SnakeNode节点，蛇身是一个SnakeNode指针，每个SnakeNode都是一个x、y坐标，用于表示蛇在地图上的位置。

3. 随机生成食物，蛇移动的下一步如果是食物则得分，若下一步是墙壁或蛇身则游戏失败。

4. 通过键盘输入控制方向，若键盘没有输入则保持方向不变。

三、代码 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 #pragma warning (disable:4996) #include <iostream> #include <Windows.h> #include <conio.h> #include <ctime> #include <vector> using namespace std; #define ROW 22 #define COL 42 #define EMPTY 0 #define WALL 1 #define FOOD 2 #define HEAD 3 #define BODY 4 #define COL_WALL 6 #define COL_FOOD 12 #define COL_SNAKE 10 #define UP 72 #define DOWN 80 #define LEFT 75 #define RIGHT 77 #define SPACE 32 #define ESC 27 #define ENTER 13 int g_map[ROW][COL] = { 0 }; int g_grade = 0; void CursorJump(int x, int y) { COORD pos; //定义光标位置的结构体变量 pos.X = x; pos.Y = y; SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), pos); //设置光标位置 } void Color(int x) { SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), x); //设置颜色 // 6——土黄色 7——白色 10——绿色 12——红色 } void SysInit() { srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); system("title 贪吃蛇"); system("mode con cols=84 lines=23"); //设置终端窗口大小 CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO curInfo; //光标信息结构体变量 curInfo.dwSize = 1; curInfo.bVisible = FALSE; //光标光标隐藏不可见 SetConsoleCursorInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &curInfo); //设置光标信息 } void MapInit() { for (int i = 0; i < ROW; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < COL; ++j) { CursorJump(2 * j, i); if (i == 0 || i == ROW - 1 || j == 0 || j == COL - 1) { Color(COL_WALL); g_map[i][j] = WALL; cout << "■"; } else { g_map[i][j] = EMPTY; cout << " "; } } } Color(7); CursorJump(0, ROW); cout << "当前得分是：" << g_grade; } void RandFood() { int row, col; do { row = rand() % ROW; col = rand() % COL; } while (g_map[row][col] != EMPTY); g_map[row][col] = FOOD; Color(COL_FOOD); CursorJump(2 * col, row); cout << "●"; } class Snack { public: Snack() { len = 2; rate = 3000; head.x = COL / 2; head.y = ROW / 2; g_map[head.y][head.x] = HEAD; body.resize(ROW * COL, Pos(0, 0)); for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) { body[i].x = head.x - i - 1; body[i].y = head.y; g_map[body[i].y][body[i].x] == BODY; } } void PrintSnake(int flag) { if (flag) { // 打印蛇 Color(COL_SNAKE); CursorJump(2 * head.x, head.y); cout << "◆"; for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) { CursorJump(2 * body[i].x, body[i].y); cout << "◇"; } } else { // 覆盖蛇 if (body[len - 1].x != 0) { CursorJump(2 * body[len - 1].x, body[len - 1].y); cout << " "; } } } void Judge(int x, int y) { if (g_map[head.y + y][head.x + x] == FOOD) { // 得分 g_grade += 10; len++; if (rate > 1000) rate -= 50; Color(7); CursorJump(0, ROW); cout << "当前得分是：" << g_grade; RandFood(); } else if (g_map[head.y + y][head.x + x] == WALL || g_map[head.y + y][head.x + x] == BODY) { // 失败 Sleep(2000); Color(7); system("cls"); cout << " GAME OVER! " << endl; cout << " 游戏失败! " << endl; exit(0); } } void Move(int x, int y) { Judge(x, y); PrintSnake(0); int tail = len - 1; g_map[body[tail].y][body[tail].x] = EMPTY; while (tail > 0) { body[tail].x = body[tail - 1].x; body[tail].y = body[tail - 1].y; --tail; } body[0].x = head.x; body[0].y = head.y; g_map[body[0].y][body[0].x] = BODY; head.x += x; head.y += y; g_map[head.y][head.x] = HEAD; PrintSnake(1); } void Run(int x, int y) { int t = 0; while (1) { if (t == 0) t = rate; while (--t) { if (kbhit() != 0) break; } if (t == 0) Move(x, y); else break; } } void Play() { int dir = RIGHT; int old = dir; while (1) { switch (dir) { case 'w': case 'W': case UP: Run(0, -1); old = dir; break; case 's': case 'S': case DOWN: Run(0, 1); old = dir; break; case 'a': case 'A': case LEFT: Run(-1, 0); old = dir; break; case 'd': case 'D': case RIGHT: Run(1, 0); old = dir; break; case SPACE: system("pause>nul"); break; case ESC: system("cls"); cout << " ESC 退出游戏" << endl; exit(0); } dir = getch(); switch (dir) { case 'w': case 'W': case UP: case 's': case 'S': case DOWN: if (old == UP || old == DOWN) dir = old; break; case 'a': case 'A': case LEFT: case 'd': case 'D': case RIGHT: if (old == LEFT || old == RIGHT) dir = old; break; case SPACE: case ESC: break; default: dir = old; } } } private: struct Pos { int x, y; Pos() {} Pos(int x1, int y1) : x(x1), y(y1) {} }; Pos head; vector<Pos> body; int len; int rate; }; int main() { SysInit(); MapInit(); RandFood(); Snack s; s.Play(); return 0; } 四、测试