9-QSPIFlash读写测试实验

文章目录 1 实验任务2 系统框图3 软件设计

1 实验任务

本实验任务是使用PS侧的QSPI Flash控制器，先后对QSPI Flash 进行写、 读操作。通过对比读出的数据是否等于写入的数据， 从而验证读写操作是否正确。

2 系统框图

3 软件设计

注意事项：这里必须详细记录一下整个的调试过程

最初在进行程序固化实验时 1）从SD卡可以启动2）从QSPI Flash无法启动，显示回读数据错误，校验失败；此时，我一脸懵逼，因为刚拿到开发板的时候，也进行过程序固化实验，清晰地记得当时从SD卡和QSPI Flash启动都是可以的，怎么现在从QSPI Flash启动就不行了呢？在没有手段和头绪的情况下，只能怀疑Flash芯片是不是坏了 修改例程使程序能够遍历Flash芯片的16MB空间（W25Q256JV芯片大小为32MB，但是QSPI Flash控制器使用3字节地址，只能访问16MB的空间） 1）测试发现0 - 8MB数据读写比较有错误，8 - 16MB数据读写比较正常2）研究芯片手册发现，芯片有写保护设置，通过状态寄存器的TB位、BP3~BP0位、CMP位和WPS位等可以控制芯片的哪些块只能读取不能擦除和写入，即写保护3）编写FlashReadStatus函数，读取Flash的状态寄存器，发现TB=1，BP3~BP0=1000b，CMP=0，WPS=0，对应芯片的低四分之一区域被写保护了4）编写FlashWriteStatus函数，将状态寄存器的值恢复到出厂设置状态 在恢复状态寄存器的出场设置状态时发现，Status Register-1的QE位写0写不进去，一直为1，最后在芯片手册的9.8 Ordering Information小节找到了答案，如下图所示，对于W25Q256JV系列芯片，型号最后一位是Q和N的，QE位出场设置为1且固定（即不可修改） /***************************** Include Files *********************************/ #include "xparameters.h" /* SDK generated parameters */ #include "xqspips.h" /* QSPI device driver */ #include "stdio.h" #include "sleep.h" /************************** Constant Definitions *****************************/ #define QSPI_DEVICE_ID XPAR_XQSPIPS_0_DEVICE_ID /* The following constants define the commands which may be sent to the FLASH device. */ #define WRITE_STATUS_CMD 0x01 #define WRITE_CMD 0x02 #define READ_CMD 0x03 #define WRITE_DISABLE_CMD 0x04 #define READ_STATUS_CMD 0x05 #define WRITE_ENABLE_CMD 0x06 #define FAST_READ_CMD 0x0B #define DUAL_READ_CMD 0x3B #define QUAD_READ_CMD 0x6B #define BULK_ERASE_CMD 0xC7 #define SEC_ERASE_CMD 0xD8 #define READ_ID 0x9F #define WRITE_STATUS2_CMD 0x31 #define WRITE_STATUS3_CMD 0x11 #define READ_STATUS2_CMD 0x35 #define READ_STATUS3_CMD 0x15 /* The following constants define the offsets within a FlashBuffer data type for each kind of data. */ #define COMMAND_OFFSET 0 /* FLASH instruction */ #define ADDRESS_1_OFFSET 1 /* MSB byte of address to read or write */ #define ADDRESS_2_OFFSET 2 /* Middle byte of address to read or write */ #define ADDRESS_3_OFFSET 3 /* LSB byte of address to read or write */ #define DATA_OFFSET 4 /* Start of Data for Read/Write */ #define DUMMY_OFFSET 4 /* Dummy byte offset for fast, dual and quad reads */ #define DUMMY_SIZE 1 /* Number of dummy bytes for fast, dual and quad reads */ #define RD_ID_SIZE 4 /* Read ID command + 3 bytes ID response */ #define BULK_ERASE_SIZE 1 /* Bulk Erase command size */ #define SEC_ERASE_SIZE 4 /* Sector Erase command + Sector address */ #define OVERHEAD_SIZE 4 /* The following constants specify the page size, sector size, and number of pages and sectors for the FLASH. */ #define SECTOR_SIZE 0x1000 #define NUM_SECTORS 0x1000 #define NUM_PAGES 0x20000 #define PAGE_SIZE 256 /* Number of flash pages to be written.*/ #define PAGE_COUNT 16 // 4KB /* Flash address to which data is ot be written.*/ #define TEST_ADDRESS 0x00000000 #define UNIQUE_VALUE 0x00 #define MAX_DATA (PAGE_COUNT * PAGE_SIZE) /**************************** Type Definitions *******************************/ /***************** Macros (Inline Functions) Definitions *********************/ /************************** Function Prototypes ******************************/ void FlashErase(XQspiPs *QspiPtr, u32 Address, u32 ByteCount); void FlashWrite(XQspiPs *QspiPtr, u32 Address, u32 ByteCount, u8 Command); void FlashRead(XQspiPs *QspiPtr, u32 Address, u32 ByteCount, u8 Command); int FlashReadID(XQspiPs *QspiPtr); void FlashReadStatus(XQspiPs *QspiPtr); void FlashWriteStatus(XQspiPs *QspiPtr); void FlashQuadEnable(XQspiPs *QspiPtr); int QspiFlashPolledExample(XQspiPs *QspiInstancePtr, u16 QspiDeviceId); /************************** Variable Definitions *****************************/ static XQspiPs QspiInstance; u8 ReadBuffer[MAX_DATA + DATA_OFFSET + DUMMY_SIZE]; u8 WriteBuffer[PAGE_SIZE + DATA_OFFSET]; u32 BadSectorCount = 0; /*****************************************************************************/ int main(void) { // int Status; // printf("QSPI FLASH Write and Read Test\n"); /* Run the Qspi Interrupt example.*/ Status = QspiFlashPolledExample(&QspiInstance, QSPI_DEVICE_ID); if (Status != XST_SUCCESS) { printf("QSPI FLASH Polled Example Test Failed\n"); return XST_FAILURE; } // printf("BadSectorCount = %lu\n", BadSectorCount); // printf("Successfully Ran QSPI FLASH Write and Read Test\n"); // return XST_SUCCESS; } /*****************************************************************************/ int QspiFlashPolledExample(XQspiPs *QspiInstancePtr, u16 QspiDeviceId) { // int Status; u8 *BufferPtr; u8 UniqueValue; int Count; int Page; XQspiPs_Config *QspiConfig; /* Initialize the QSPI driver so that it's ready to use */ QspiConfig = XQspiPs_LookupConfig(QspiDeviceId); if (QspiConfig == NULL) { return XST_FAILURE; } Status = XQspiPs_CfgInitialize(QspiInstancePtr, QspiConfig, QspiConfig->BaseAddress); if (Status != XST_SUCCESS) { return XST_FAILURE; } /* Perform a self-test to check hardware build */ Status = XQspiPs_SelfTest(QspiInstancePtr); if (Status != XST_SUCCESS) { return XST_FAILURE; } /* Set Manual Start and Manual Chip select options and drive HOLD_B pin high */ XQspiPs_SetOptions(QspiInstancePtr, XQSPIPS_MANUAL_START_OPTION | XQSPIPS_FORCE_SSELECT_OPTION | XQSPIPS_HOLD_B_DRIVE_OPTION); /* Set the prescaler for QSPI clock */ XQspiPs_SetClkPrescaler(QspiInstancePtr, XQSPIPS_CLK_PRESCALE_4); /* Assert the FLASH chip select */ XQspiPs_SetSlaveSelect(QspiInstancePtr); /* Write the flash status */ FlashWriteStatus(QspiInstancePtr); /* Read the flash status */ FlashReadStatus(QspiInstancePtr); /* Read the flash id */ FlashReadID(QspiInstancePtr); /* Enabe Quad SPI Operation */ FlashQuadEnable(QspiInstancePtr); // printf("\n"); /* Initialize the write buffer */ for (UniqueValue = UNIQUE_VALUE, Count = 0; Count < PAGE_SIZE; Count++, UniqueValue++) { WriteBuffer[DATA_OFFSET + Count] = (u8)UniqueValue; } /* Traverse the entire flash */ for (u32 SectorCount = 0; SectorCount < NUM_SECTORS; SectorCount++) { /* Erase the flash */ FlashErase(QspiInstancePtr, TEST_ADDRESS + (SectorCount * SECTOR_SIZE), MAX_DATA); printf("Erase flash sector %lu done.\n", SectorCount); /* Write the flash */ for (Page = 0; Page < PAGE_COUNT; Page++) { FlashWrite(QspiInstancePtr, (Page * PAGE_SIZE) + TEST_ADDRESS + (SectorCount * SECTOR_SIZE), PAGE_SIZE, WRITE_CMD); } printf("Write flash sector %lu done.\n", SectorCount); /* Read the flash */ memset(ReadBuffer, 0x00, sizeof(ReadBuffer)); FlashRead(QspiInstancePtr, TEST_ADDRESS + (SectorCount * SECTOR_SIZE), MAX_DATA, QUAD_READ_CMD); printf("Read flash sector %lu done.\n", SectorCount); /* Compare the data */ BufferPtr = &ReadBuffer[DATA_OFFSET + DUMMY_SIZE]; for (UniqueValue = UNIQUE_VALUE, Count = 0; Count < MAX_DATA; Count++, UniqueValue++) { if (BufferPtr[Count] != (u8)UniqueValue) { BadSectorCount++; printf("Sector %lu is bad, BufferPtr[%d] = %hhu\n", SectorCount, Count, BufferPtr[Count]); break; } } printf("Compare flash sector %lu done.\n", SectorCount); // printf("\n"); } // return XST_SUCCESS; } /*****************************************************************************/ void FlashWrite(XQspiPs *QspiPtr, u32 Address, u32 ByteCount, u8 Command) { u8 WriteEnableCmd = { WRITE_ENABLE_CMD }; u8 ReadStatusCmd[] = { READ_STATUS_CMD, 0 }; /* must send 2 bytes */ u8 FlashStatus[2]; /* * Send the write enable command to the FLASH so that it can be * written to, this needs to be sent as a seperate transfer before * the write */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, &WriteEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteEnableCmd)); /* * Setup the write command with the specified address and data for the * FLASH */ WriteBuffer[COMMAND_OFFSET] = Command; WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_1_OFFSET] = (u8)((Address & 0xFF0000) >> 16); WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_2_OFFSET] = (u8)((Address & 0xFF00) >> 8); WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_3_OFFSET] = (u8)(Address & 0xFF); /* * Send the write command, address, and data to the FLASH to be * written, no receive buffer is specified since there is nothing to * receive */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, WriteBuffer, NULL, ByteCount + OVERHEAD_SIZE); /* * Wait for the write command to the FLASH to be completed, it takes * some time for the data to be written */ while (1) { /* * Poll the status register of the FLASH to determine when it * completes, by sending a read status command and receiving the * status byte */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadStatusCmd, FlashStatus, sizeof(ReadStatusCmd)); /* * If the status indicates the write is done, then stop waiting, * if a value of 0xFF in the status byte is read from the * device and this loop never exits, the device slave select is * possibly incorrect such that the device status is not being * read */ if ((FlashStatus[1] & 0x01) == 0) { break; } } } /*****************************************************************************/ void FlashRead(XQspiPs *QspiPtr, u32 Address, u32 ByteCount, u8 Command) { /* * Setup the write command with the specified address and data for the * FLASH */ WriteBuffer[COMMAND_OFFSET] = Command; WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_1_OFFSET] = (u8)((Address & 0xFF0000) >> 16); WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_2_OFFSET] = (u8)((Address & 0xFF00) >> 8); WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_3_OFFSET] = (u8)(Address & 0xFF); if ((Command == FAST_READ_CMD) || (Command == DUAL_READ_CMD) || (Command == QUAD_READ_CMD)) { ByteCount += DUMMY_SIZE; } /* * Send the read command to the FLASH to read the specified number * of bytes from the FLASH, send the read command and address and * receive the specified number of bytes of data in the data buffer */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, WriteBuffer, ReadBuffer, ByteCount + OVERHEAD_SIZE); } /*****************************************************************************/ void FlashErase(XQspiPs *QspiPtr, u32 Address, u32 ByteCount) { u8 WriteEnableCmd = { WRITE_ENABLE_CMD }; u8 ReadStatusCmd[] = { READ_STATUS_CMD, 0 }; /* must send 2 bytes */ u8 FlashStatus[2]; int Sector; /* * If erase size is same as the total size of the flash, use bulk erase * command */ if (ByteCount == (NUM_SECTORS * SECTOR_SIZE)) { /* * Send the write enable command to the FLASH so that it can be * written to, this needs to be sent as a seperate transfer * before the erase */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, &WriteEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteEnableCmd)); /* Setup the bulk erase command*/ WriteBuffer[COMMAND_OFFSET] = BULK_ERASE_CMD; /* * Send the bulk erase command; no receive buffer is specified * since there is nothing to receive */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, WriteBuffer, NULL, BULK_ERASE_SIZE); /* Wait for the erase command to the FLASH to be completed*/ while (1) { /* * Poll the status register of the device to determine * when it completes, by sending a read status command * and receiving the status byte */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadStatusCmd, FlashStatus, sizeof(ReadStatusCmd)); /* * If the status indicates the write is done, then stop * waiting; if a value of 0xFF in the status byte is * read from the device and this loop never exits, the * device slave select is possibly incorrect such that * the device status is not being read */ if ((FlashStatus[1] & 0x01) == 0) { break; } } return; } /* * If the erase size is less than the total size of the flash, use * sector erase command */ for (Sector = 0; Sector < ((ByteCount / SECTOR_SIZE) + 1); Sector++) { /* * Send the write enable command to the SEEPOM so that it can be * written to, this needs to be sent as a seperate transfer * before the write */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, &WriteEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteEnableCmd)); /* * Setup the write command with the specified address and data * for the FLASH */ WriteBuffer[COMMAND_OFFSET] = SEC_ERASE_CMD; WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_1_OFFSET] = (u8)(Address >> 16); WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_2_OFFSET] = (u8)(Address >> 8); WriteBuffer[ADDRESS_3_OFFSET] = (u8)(Address & 0xFF); /* * Send the sector erase command and address; no receive buffer * is specified since there is nothing to receive */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, WriteBuffer, NULL, SEC_ERASE_SIZE); /* * Wait for the sector erse command to the * FLASH to be completed */ while (1) { /* * Poll the status register of the device to determine * when it completes, by sending a read status command * and receiving the status byte */ XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadStatusCmd, FlashStatus, sizeof(ReadStatusCmd)); /* * If the status indicates the write is done, then stop * waiting, if a value of 0xFF in the status byte is * read from the device and this loop never exits, the * device slave select is possibly incorrect such that * the device status is not being read */ if ((FlashStatus[1] & 0x01) == 0) { break; } } Address += SECTOR_SIZE; } } /*****************************************************************************/ void FlashWriteStatus(XQspiPs *QspiPtr) { // u8 WriteEnableCmd = {WRITE_ENABLE_CMD}; u8 WriteStatus1Cmd[] = {WRITE_STATUS_CMD, 0x0}; u8 WriteStatus2Cmd[] = {WRITE_STATUS2_CMD, 0x00}; u8 WriteStatus3Cmd[] = {WRITE_STATUS3_CMD, 0x60}; // Write Status Register - 1 XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, &WriteEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteEnableCmd)); XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, WriteStatus1Cmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteStatus1Cmd)); usleep(10000); // Write Status Register - 2 XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, &WriteEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteEnableCmd)); XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, WriteStatus2Cmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteStatus2Cmd)); usleep(10000); // Write Status Register - 3 XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, &WriteEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteEnableCmd)); XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, WriteStatus3Cmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteStatus3Cmd)); usleep(10000); // return; } /*****************************************************************************/ void FlashReadStatus(XQspiPs *QspiPtr) { // u8 ReadStatus1Cmd[] = {READ_STATUS_CMD, 0}; u8 ReadStatus2Cmd[] = {READ_STATUS2_CMD, 0}; u8 ReadStatus3Cmd[] = {READ_STATUS3_CMD, 0}; u8 FlashStatus[2]; // Read Status Register - 1 XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadStatus1Cmd, FlashStatus, sizeof(ReadStatus1Cmd)); printf("Flash Status Register 1 = 0x%02x\n", FlashStatus[1]); usleep(10000); // Read Status Register - 2 XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadStatus2Cmd, FlashStatus, sizeof(ReadStatus2Cmd)); printf("Flash Status Register 2 = 0x%02x\n", FlashStatus[1]); usleep(10000); // Read Status Register - 3 XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadStatus3Cmd, FlashStatus, sizeof(ReadStatus3Cmd)); printf("Flash Status Register 3 = 0x%02x\n", FlashStatus[1]); usleep(10000); // return; } /*****************************************************************************/ int FlashReadID(XQspiPs *QspiPtr) { // int Status; u8 ReadIdCmd[] = {READ_ID, 0x23, 0x08, 0x09}; /* 3 dummy bytes */ u8 FlashId[4]; // Status = XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadIdCmd, FlashId, RD_ID_SIZE); if (Status != XST_SUCCESS) { return XST_FAILURE; } // printf("FlashID=0x%x 0x%x 0x%x\n", FlashId[1], FlashId[2], FlashId[3]); // return XST_SUCCESS; } /*****************************************************************************/ void FlashQuadEnable(XQspiPs *QspiPtr) { // u8 WriteEnableCmd = {WRITE_ENABLE_CMD}; u8 ReadStatusCmd[] = {READ_STATUS2_CMD, 0}; u8 QuadEnableCmd[] = {WRITE_STATUS2_CMD, 0}; u8 FlashStatus[2]; // if (ReadBuffer[1] == 0xEF) { // Winbond Serial Flash // XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, ReadStatusCmd, FlashStatus, sizeof(ReadStatusCmd)); QuadEnableCmd[1] = FlashStatus[1] | (1 << 1); // XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, &WriteEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(WriteEnableCmd)); XQspiPs_PolledTransfer(QspiPtr, QuadEnableCmd, NULL, sizeof(QuadEnableCmd)); } // return; }