【STM32】STM32学习笔记-ADC单通道ADC多通道(22)

00. 目录

文章目录 00. 目录01. ADC简介02. ADC相关API2.1 RCC_ADCCLKConfig2.2 ADC_RegularChannelConfig2.3 ADC_Init2.4 ADC_InitTypeDef2.5 ADC_Cmd2.6 ADC_ResetCalibration2.7 ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus2.8 ADC_StartCalibration2.9 ADC_GetCalibrationStatus2.10 ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd2.11 ADC_GetFlagStatus2.12 ADC_GetConversionValue 03. ADC单通道接线图04. ADC单通道示例05. ADC多通道接线图06. 热敏传感器07. 光敏传感器08. 反射式红外传感器09. ADC多通道示例10. 程序下载11. 附录

01. ADC简介

小容量产品是指闪存存储器容量在16K至32K字节之间的STM32F101xx、STM32F102xx和STM32F103xx微控制器。

中容量产品是指闪存存储器容量在64K至128K字节之间的STM32F101xx、STM32F102xx和STM32F103xx微控制器。

大容量产品是指闪存存储器容量在256K至512K字节之间的STM32F101xx和STM32F103xx微控制器。

互联型产品是指STM32F105xx和STM32F107xx微控制器。

12位ADC是一种逐次逼近型模拟数字转换器。它有多达18个通道，可测量16个外部和2个内部信号源。各通道的A/D转换可以单次、连

续、扫描或间断模式执行。ADC的结果可以左对齐或右对齐方式存储在16位数据寄存器中。

模拟看门狗特性允许应用程序检测输入电压是否超出用户定义的高/低阀值。

ADC的输入时钟不得超过14MHz，它是由PCLK2经分频产生。

02. ADC相关API 2.1 RCC_ADCCLKConfig /** * @brief Configures the ADC clock (ADCCLK). * @param RCC_PCLK2: defines the ADC clock divider. This clock is derived from * the APB2 clock (PCLK2). * This parameter can be one of the following values: * @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div2: ADC clock = PCLK2/2 * @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div4: ADC clock = PCLK2/4 * @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div6: ADC clock = PCLK2/6 * @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div8: ADC clock = PCLK2/8 * @retval None */ void RCC_ADCCLKConfig(uint32_t RCC_PCLK2) 功能: 设置 ADC 时钟（ADCCLK） 参数: RCC_ADCCLKSource: 定义 ADCCLK，该时钟源自 APB2 时钟（PCLK2） 返回值: 无 2.2 ADC_RegularChannelConfig /** * @brief Configures for the selected ADC regular channel its corresponding * rank in the sequencer and its sample time. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @param ADC_Channel: the ADC channel to configure. * This parameter can be one of the following values: * @arg ADC_Channel_0: ADC Channel0 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_1: ADC Channel1 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_2: ADC Channel2 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_3: ADC Channel3 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_4: ADC Channel4 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_5: ADC Channel5 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_6: ADC Channel6 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_7: ADC Channel7 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_8: ADC Channel8 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_9: ADC Channel9 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_10: ADC Channel10 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_11: ADC Channel11 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_12: ADC Channel12 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_13: ADC Channel13 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_14: ADC Channel14 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_15: ADC Channel15 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_16: ADC Channel16 selected * @arg ADC_Channel_17: ADC Channel17 selected * @param Rank: The rank in the regular group sequencer. This parameter must be between 1 to 16. * @param ADC_SampleTime: The sample time value to be set for the selected channel. * This parameter can be one of the following values: * @arg ADC_SampleTime_1Cycles5: Sample time equal to 1.5 cycles * @arg ADC_SampleTime_7Cycles5: Sample time equal to 7.5 cycles * @arg ADC_SampleTime_13Cycles5: Sample time equal to 13.5 cycles * @arg ADC_SampleTime_28Cycles5: Sample time equal to 28.5 cycles * @arg ADC_SampleTime_41Cycles5: Sample time equal to 41.5 cycles * @arg ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5: Sample time equal to 55.5 cycles * @arg ADC_SampleTime_71Cycles5: Sample time equal to 71.5 cycles * @arg ADC_SampleTime_239Cycles5: Sample time equal to 239.5 cycles * @retval None */ void ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, uint8_t ADC_Channel, uint8_t Rank, uint8_t ADC_SampleTime) 功能: 设置指定 ADC 的规则组通道，设置它们的转化顺序和采样时间 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 ADC_Channel：被设置的 ADC 通道 Rank：规则组采样顺序。取值范围 1 到 16。 ADC_SampleTime：指定 ADC 通道的采样时间值 返回值: 无 2.3 ADC_Init /** * @brief Initializes the ADCx peripheral according to the specified parameters * in the ADC_InitStruct. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @param ADC_InitStruct: pointer to an ADC_InitTypeDef structure that contains * the configuration information for the specified ADC peripheral. * @retval None */ void ADC_Init(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, ADC_InitTypeDef* ADC_InitStruct) 功能: 根据 ADC_InitStruct 中指定的参数初始化外设 ADCx 的寄存器 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 ADC_InitStruct：指向结构 ADC_InitTypeDef 的指针，包含了指定外设 ADC 的配置信息 返回值: 无 2.4 ADC_InitTypeDef /** * @brief ADC Init structure definition */ typedef struct { uint32_t ADC_Mode; /*!< Configures the ADC to operate in independent or dual mode. This parameter can be a value of @ref ADC_mode */ FunctionalState ADC_ScanConvMode; /*!< Specifies whether the conversion is performed in Scan (multichannels) or Single (one channel) mode. This parameter can be set to ENABLE or DISABLE */ FunctionalState ADC_ContinuousConvMode; /*!< Specifies whether the conversion is performed in Continuous or Single mode. This parameter can be set to ENABLE or DISABLE. */ uint32_t ADC_ExternalTrigConv; /*!< Defines the external trigger used to start the analog to digital conversion of regular channels. This parameter can be a value of @ref ADC_external_trigger_sources_for_regular_channels_conversion */ uint32_t ADC_DataAlign; /*!< Specifies whether the ADC data alignment is left or right. This parameter can be a value of @ref ADC_data_align */ uint8_t ADC_NbrOfChannel; /*!< Specifies the number of ADC channels that will be converted using the sequencer for regular channel group. This parameter must range from 1 to 16. */ }ADC_InitTypeDef;

ADC_mode

/** @defgroup ADC_mode * @{ */ #define ADC_Mode_Independent ((uint32_t)0x00000000) #define ADC_Mode_RegInjecSimult ((uint32_t)0x00010000) #define ADC_Mode_RegSimult_AlterTrig ((uint32_t)0x00020000) #define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult_FastInterl ((uint32_t)0x00030000) #define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult_SlowInterl ((uint32_t)0x00040000) #define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult ((uint32_t)0x00050000) #define ADC_Mode_RegSimult ((uint32_t)0x00060000) #define ADC_Mode_FastInterl ((uint32_t)0x00070000) #define ADC_Mode_SlowInterl ((uint32_t)0x00080000) #define ADC_Mode_AlterTrig ((uint32_t)0x00090000)

ADC_ExternalTrigConv

/** @defgroup ADC_external_trigger_sources_for_regular_channels_conversion * @{ */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T1_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x00000000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T1_CC2 ((uint32_t)0x00020000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T2_CC2 ((uint32_t)0x00060000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T3_TRGO ((uint32_t)0x00080000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T4_CC4 ((uint32_t)0x000A0000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_Ext_IT11_TIM8_TRGO ((uint32_t)0x000C0000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T1_CC3 ((uint32_t)0x00040000) /*!< For ADC1, ADC2 and ADC3 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None ((uint32_t)0x000E0000) /*!< For ADC1, ADC2 and ADC3 */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T3_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x00000000) /*!< For ADC3 only */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T2_CC3 ((uint32_t)0x00020000) /*!< For ADC3 only */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T8_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x00060000) /*!< For ADC3 only */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T8_TRGO ((uint32_t)0x00080000) /*!< For ADC3 only */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T5_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x000A0000) /*!< For ADC3 only */ #define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T5_CC3 ((uint32_t)0x000C0000) /*!< For ADC3 only */

ADC_data_align

/** @defgroup ADC_data_align * @{ */ #define ADC_DataAlign_Right ((uint32_t)0x00000000) #define ADC_DataAlign_Left ((uint32_t)0x00000800) 2.5 ADC_Cmd /** * @brief Enables or disables the specified ADC peripheral. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @param NewState: new state of the ADCx peripheral. * This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE. * @retval None */ void ADC_Cmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState) 功能: 使能或者失能指定的 ADC 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 NewState：外设 ADCx 的新状态 返回值: 无 2.6 ADC_ResetCalibration /** * @brief Resets the selected ADC calibration registers. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @retval None */ void ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx) 功能: 重置指定的 ADC 的校准寄存器 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 返回值: 无 2.7 ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus /** * @brief Gets the selected ADC reset calibration registers status. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @retval The new state of ADC reset calibration registers (SET or RESET). */ FlagStatus ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx) 功能: 获取 ADC 重置校准寄存器的状态 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 返回值: ADC 重置校准寄存器的新状态（SET 或者 RESET） 2.8 ADC_StartCalibration /** * @brief Starts the selected ADC calibration process. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @retval None */ void ADC_StartCalibration(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx) 功能: 开始指定 ADC 的校准状态 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 返回值: 无 2.9 ADC_GetCalibrationStatus /** * @brief Gets the selected ADC calibration status. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @retval The new state of ADC calibration (SET or RESET). */ FlagStatus ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx) 功能: 获取指定 ADC 的校准程序状态 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 返回值: ADC 校准的新状态（SET 或者 RESET） 2.10 ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd /** * @brief Enables or disables the selected ADC software start conversion . * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @param NewState: new state of the selected ADC software start conversion. * This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE. * @retval None */ void ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState) 功能: 使能或者失能指定的 ADC 的软件转换启动功能 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 NewState：指定 ADC 的软件转换启动新状态 返回值: 无 2.11 ADC_GetFlagStatus /** * @brief Checks whether the specified ADC flag is set or not. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @param ADC_FLAG: specifies the flag to check. * This parameter can be one of the following values: * @arg ADC_FLAG_AWD: Analog watchdog flag * @arg ADC_FLAG_EOC: End of conversion flag * @arg ADC_FLAG_JEOC: End of injected group conversion flag * @arg ADC_FLAG_JSTRT: Start of injected group conversion flag * @arg ADC_FLAG_STRT: Start of regular group conversion flag * @retval The new state of ADC_FLAG (SET or RESET). */ FlagStatus ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, uint8_t ADC_FLAG) 功能: 检查制定 ADC 标志位置 1 与否 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 ADC_FLAG：指定需检查的标志位 返回值: ADC状态（SET 或者 RESET） 2.12 ADC_GetConversionValue /** * @brief Returns the last ADCx conversion result data for regular channel. * @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral. * @retval The Data conversion value. */ uint16_t ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx) 功能: 返回最近一次 ADCx 规则组的转换结果 参数: ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2 返回值: 转换结果 03. ADC单通道接线图

04. ADC单通道示例

单次转换，非扫描模式

adc.h

#ifndef __ADC_H__ #define __ADC_H__ #include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header void adc_init(void); uint16_t adc_getvalue(void); #endif /*__ADC_H__*/

adc.c

#include "adc.h" void adc_init(void) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStruct; //开启ADC时钟 PA0 --> ADC1_0 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1, ENABLE); //开启GPIOA的时钟 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //设置为6分频 72M / 6 = 12M RCC_ADCCLKConfig(RCC_PCLK2_Div6); //GPIO配置 GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //ADC配置 ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ScanConvMode = DISABLE; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_DataAlign = ADC_DataAlign_Right; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ExternalTrigConv = ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_Mode = ADC_Mode_Independent; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_NbrOfChannel = 1; ADC_Init(ADC1, &ADC_InitStruct); ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_0, 1, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5); //使能ADC ADC_Cmd(ADC1, ENABLE); //校准ADC ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC1); while(ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC1)); ADC_StartCalibration(ADC1); while(ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC1)); } uint16_t adc_getvalue(void) { ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE); while(ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC) != SET); return ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1); }

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h" #include "delay.h" #include "oled.h" #include "adc.h" int main(void) { uint16_t value = 0; float volate = 0; //初始化 OLED_Init(); adc_init(); //显示字符串 OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "ADCValue: "); OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "Volate:0.00V"); while(1) { value = adc_getvalue(); volate = (float)value / 4095 * 3.3; OLED_ShowNum(1, 10, value, 4); OLED_ShowNum(2, 8, volate, 1); OLED_ShowNum(2, 10, (uint16_t)(volate * 100) % 100, 2); delay_ms(100); } }

连续转换，非扫描模式

adc.h

#ifndef __ADC_H__ #define __ADC_H__ #include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header void adc_init(void); uint16_t adc_getvalue(void); #endif /*__ADC_H__*/

adc.c

#include "adc.h" void adc_init(void) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStruct; //开启ADC时钟 PA0 --> ADC1_0 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1, ENABLE); //开启GPIOA的时钟 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //设置为6分频 72M / 6 = 12M RCC_ADCCLKConfig(RCC_PCLK2_Div6); //GPIO配置 GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //ADC配置 ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE; //连续转换模式 ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ScanConvMode = DISABLE; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_DataAlign = ADC_DataAlign_Right; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ExternalTrigConv = ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_Mode = ADC_Mode_Independent; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_NbrOfChannel = 1; ADC_Init(ADC1, &ADC_InitStruct); ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_0, 1, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5); //使能ADC ADC_Cmd(ADC1, ENABLE); //校准ADC ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC1); while(ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC1)); ADC_StartCalibration(ADC1); while(ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC1)); //启动一次转换即可 ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE); } uint16_t adc_getvalue(void) { while(ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC) != SET); return ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1); }

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h" #include "delay.h" #include "oled.h" #include "adc.h" int main(void) { uint16_t value = 0; float volate = 0; //初始化 OLED_Init(); adc_init(); //显示字符串 OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "ADCValue: "); OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "Volate:0.00V"); while(1) { value = adc_getvalue(); volate = (float)value / 4095 * 3.3; OLED_ShowNum(1, 10, value, 4); OLED_ShowNum(2, 8, volate, 1); OLED_ShowNum(2, 10, (uint16_t)(volate * 100) % 100, 2); delay_ms(100); } } 05. ADC多通道接线图

06. 热敏传感器

07. 光敏传感器

08. 反射式红外传感器

09. ADC多通道示例

adc.h

#ifndef __ADC_H__ #define __ADC_H__ #include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header void adc_init(void); uint16_t adc_getvalue(uint8_t ADC_Channel); #endif /*__ADC_H__*/

adc.c

#include "adc.h" void adc_init(void) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStruct; //开启ADC时钟 PA0 --> ADC1_0 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1, ENABLE); //开启GPIOA的时钟 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //设置为6分频 72M / 6 = 12M RCC_ADCCLKConfig(RCC_PCLK2_Div6); //GPIO配置 GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_3; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //ADC配置 ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ScanConvMode = DISABLE; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_DataAlign = ADC_DataAlign_Right; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ExternalTrigConv = ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_Mode = ADC_Mode_Independent; ADC_InitStruct.ADC_NbrOfChannel = 1; ADC_Init(ADC1, &ADC_InitStruct); //使能ADC ADC_Cmd(ADC1, ENABLE); //校准ADC ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC1); while(ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC1)); ADC_StartCalibration(ADC1); while(ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC1)); } uint16_t adc_getvalue(uint8_t ADC_Channel) { ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel, 1, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5); ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE); while(ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC) != SET); return ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1); }

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h" #include "delay.h" #include "oled.h" #include "adc.h" int main(void) { uint16_t ad0 = 0; uint16_t ad1 = 0; uint16_t ad2 = 0; uint16_t ad3 = 0; float volate = 0; //初始化 OLED_Init(); adc_init(); //显示字符串 OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "AD0: "); OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "AD1: "); OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "AD2: "); OLED_ShowString(4, 1, "AD3: "); while(1) { ad0 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_0); ad1 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_1); ad2 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_2); ad3 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_3); OLED_ShowNum(1, 5, ad0, 4); OLED_ShowNum(2, 5, ad1, 4); OLED_ShowNum(3, 5, ad2, 4); OLED_ShowNum(4, 5, ad3, 4); delay_ms(100); } } 10. 程序下载

16-ADC单通道连续转换.rar

17-ADC单通道单次转换.rar

18-ADC多通道.rar

11. 附录

参考: 【STM32】江科大STM32学习笔记汇总