基于Yolo11的无人机小目标检测系统的设计与性能优化改进项目实现
- 开源代码
- 2025-09-06 17:36:01

项目简介
基于Yolo11的无人机小目标检测系统的设计与性能优化改进的目标检测
项目名称基于Yolo11的无人机小目标检测系统的设计与性能优化改进
项目简介该项目旨在开发一个基于YOLO11的无人机目标检测系统,能够实时识别并定位无人机拍摄过程中捕捉的小目标。考虑到无人机拍摄的目标通常较小,系统将采用特定的调优策略,以提高小目标的检测精度和召回率。
数据 数据集下载github /VisDrone/VisDrone-Dataset
数据预处理1.获取数据集的labels目标框标签
训练集数据
from PIL import Image from tqdm import tqdm from pathlib import Path import os def labelsplit(path): # 假设 dir 是一个 Path 对象,指向你想要处理的目录 # 获取当前路径 # d:\huaqing\code\detect_plane_project_4 current = os.path.dirname(__file__) txt_dir = os.path.join(current, 'datasets', path, 'annotations') img_dir = os.path.join(current, 'datasets', path, 'images') labels_dir = os.path.join(current, 'datasets', path, 'labels') # 转化为相对路径 # txt的文件路径 txt_path = os.path.relpath(txt_dir) img_path = os.path.relpath(img_dir) labels_path = os.path.relpath(labels_dir) txt_path = Path(txt_path) # 遍历txt文件夹下的所有txt文件 # pbar = os.listdir(txt_path) pbar = tqdm((txt_path).glob('*.txt'), desc=f'Converting {txt_path}') for f in pbar: # 【对图片的操作】 # 构建对应的图像文件路径并获取尺寸 txt_name = f.name.split('.')[0] img_path_jpg = Path(os.path.join(img_path, f.name)).with_suffix('.jpg') img_size = Image.open(img_path_jpg).size # 路径是否存在检测 if not (os.path.exists(img_path) and os.path.exists(img_path) and os.path.exists(labels_path) and os.path.exists(img_path_jpg)): print("Warning: Image file not found") lines = [] with open(f, 'r') as file:# read annotation.txt for row in [x.split(',') for x in file.read().strip().splitlines()]: # 0表示无效狂,所以舍去 if row[4] == '0': # VisDrone 'ignored regions' class 0 continue # 目标1索引 cls = int(row[5]) - 1 # # 中心点坐标 center_x = (float(row[0]) + (float(row[2]) / 2)) / img_size[0] center_y = (float(row[1]) + (float(row[3]) / 2)) / img_size[1] labels_txt = str(cls) + ' ' + str(center_x) + ' ' + str(center_y) + ' ' + str(float(row[2]) / img_size[0]) + ' ' + str(float(row[3]) / img_size[1]) lines.append(labels_txt) with open(os.path.join(labels_path, txt_name + '.txt'), 'w') as file: for i in range(len(lines)): file.write(lines[i]) file.write('\n') file.close() if __name__ == '__main__': labelsplit('VisDrone2019-DET-train')测试集数据(修改传入的文件路径,其余代码一致)
if __name__ == '__main__': labelsplit('VisDrone2019-DET-val') 模型训练 编写数据集的配置文件 # Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license # VisDrone2019-DET dataset github /VisDrone/VisDrone-Dataset by Tianjin University # Documentation: docs.ultralytics /datasets/detect/visdrone/ # Example usage: yolo train data=VisDrone.yaml # parent # ├── ultralytics # └── datasets # └── VisDrone ← downloads here (2.3 GB) # Train/val/test sets as 1) dir: path/to/imgs, 2) file: path/to/imgs.txt, or 3) list: [path/to/imgs1, path/to/imgs2, ..] path: ./datasets # dataset root dir train: VisDrone2019-DET-train # train images (relative to 'path') 6471 images val: VisDrone2019-DET-val # val images (relative to 'path') 548 images test: VisDrone2019-DET-test-dev # test images (optional) 1610 images # Classes names: 0: pedestrian 1: people 2: bicycle 3: car 4: van 5: truck 6: tricycle 7: awning-tricycle 8: bus 9: motor 10.other 修改模型的检测分类数车牌目标检测只检测车牌,因此模型输出分类数为1
nc: 10 # number of classes 模型参数的修改 # 1.【增加网络层】 # YOLO11n backbone backbone: # [from, repeats, module, args] - [-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 2]] # 0-P1/2 - [-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]] # 1-P2/4 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [256, False, 0.25]] - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]] # 3-P3/8 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [512, False, 0.25]] - [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]] # 5-P4/16 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [512, True]] - [-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 3, 2]] # 7-P5/32 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [1024, True]] - [-1, 2, CBAM, [1024, 7]] # 新增CBAM,后面的层级自然都+1 - [-1, 1, SPPF, [1024, 5]] # 9 - [-1, 2, C2PSA, [1024]] # 10 #2.【修改网络层级关系,因为是在第九层加入的CBAM,所以九层以后的层级需要加一层】 # YOLO11n head head: - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]] - [[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P4 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [512, False]] # 13 - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]] - [[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P3 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [256, False]] # 16 (P3/8-small) - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]] - [[-1, 14], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P4 13->14 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [512, False]] # 19 (P4/16-medium) - [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]] - [[-1, 11], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P5 10->11 - [-1, 2, C3k2, [1024, True]] # 22 (P5/32-large) - [[17, 20, 23], 1, Detect, [nc]] # Detect(P3, P4, P5) 16->17 19->20 22->23 # 3.【yolo11本身写有CBAM,所以只需要逐层将其导出就行】 训练模型权重 yolo detect train data=cfg\datasets\VisDrone.yamlmodel=ultralytics\ultralytics\cfg\models\11\yolo11m.yaml epochs=30 imgsz=640 训练过程可视化不同训练轮次下各类训练指标的折线图
第一幅图:在不同的分类中的训练预测出的数量,其中车辆的检测目标最多,摩托车检测的数据最少
第二幅图:预测框的形状情况,由图可以看出小中目标居多
第三幅图:预测框的中心坐标的分布情况
第四幅图:预测框的长宽分布情况
模型验证 yolo detect val model=.\runs\detect\train23\weights\best.pt data=.\data\VisDrone.yaml 模型应用 模型加载并使用 from ultralytics import YOLO model = YOLO(r'..\runs\detect\trian22\weights\best.pt') model.predict(r"..\datasets\VisDrone2019-DET-test-challenge\images\0000000_02309_d_0000006.jpg", save=True)基于Yolo11的无人机小目标检测系统的设计与性能优化改进项目实现由讯客互联开源代码栏目发布,感谢您对讯客互联的认可,以及对我们原创作品以及文章的青睐,非常欢迎各位朋友分享到个人网站或者朋友圈,但转载请说明文章出处“基于Yolo11的无人机小目标检测系统的设计与性能优化改进项目实现”