高效构建与配置高可用负载均衡集群：从理论到实践的全面实施

1. 主机配置 主机IPVIP角色本机客户端OpenEuler-1172.25.254.10172.25.254.100虚拟服务器 (VS)OpenEuler-2172.25.254.12172.25.254.100真实服务器 (RS1)OpenEuler-3172.25.254.13172.25.254.100真实服务器 (RS2)

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2. 真实服务器 (RS) 配置与优化 # 安装与配置 Nginx [root@OpenEuler-2-3 ~]# yum install nginx -y [root@OpenEuler-2-3 ~]# echo "My ip is `hostname -I`" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html # 启动 [root@OpenEuler-2-3 ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx # 测试 [root@OpenEuler-2 ~]# curl `hostname -I` My ip is 172.25.254.12/My ip is 172.25.254.13 2.1 设置虚拟 IP (VIP) [root@OpenEuler-1-3 ~]# nmcli con add type dummy ifname dummy1 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 172.25.254.100/32 2.2 关闭 ARP 响应 [root@OpenEuler-2-3 ~]# vim + /etc/sysctl.conf # 添加以下内容 net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1 net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2 net.ipv4.conf.dummy1.arp_ignore = 1 net.ipv4.conf.dummy1.arp_announce = 2 # 使其生效 sysctl -p

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3. 虚拟服务器 (VS) 配置与负载均衡实现 3.1 安装 IPVS 管理工具 [root@OpenEuler-1 ~]# yum install ipvsadm -y 3.2 添加负载均衡规则 [root@OpenEuler-1 ~]# ipvsadm -At 172.25.254.100:80 -s rr [root@OpenEuler-1 ~]# ipvsadm -at 172.25.254.100:80 -r 172.25.254.12:80 -g [root@OpenEuler-1 ~]# ipvsadm -at 172.25.254.100:80 -r 172.25.254.13:80 -g # 检查规则 [root@OpenEuler-1 ~]# ipvsadm -Ln TCP 172.25.254.100:80 rr -> 172.25.254.12:80 Route 1 0 0 -> 172.25.254.13:80 Route 1 0 0 # 客户端测试 [Moon] ⮞ for ((i=1;i<=6;i++)); do curl 172.25.254.100; done My ip is 172.25.254.13 My ip is 172.25.254.12 My ip is 172.25.254.13 My ip is 172.25.254.12 My ip is 172.25.254.13 My ip is 172.25.254.12

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4. 效果演示

通过上述配置，成功构建了一个高可用的负载均衡集群 客户端请求通过虚拟 IP (VIP) 均匀分发到两个真实服务器 (RS1 和 RS2)，实现了负载均衡和高可用性 测试结果表明，请求按轮询策略均匀分配，系统响应稳定，性能优异