selenium环境搭建

1. 安装selenium pip install selenium -i pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu /simple/ 如遇以下报错 Getting requirements to build wheel ... error error: subprocess-exited-with-error × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> [36 lines of output] Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\PythonProject\.venv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 389, in <module> main() ~~~~^^ File "D:\PythonProject\.venv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 373, in main json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"]) ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\PythonProject\.venv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 143, in get_requires_for_build_wheel return hook(config_settings) File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 334, in get_requires_for_build_wheel return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[]) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 304, in _get_build_requires self.run_setup() ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^ File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 320, in run_setup exec(code, locals()) ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "<string>", line 126, in <module> File "<string>", line 105, in uses_msvc File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\config.py", line 220, in try_compile self._compile(body, headers, include_dirs, lang) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\config.py", line 132, in _compile self piler pile([src], include_dirs=include_dirs) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 379, in compile self.initialize() ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^ File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 289, in initialize vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec) File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 150, in _get_vc_env raise DistutilsPlatformError( ...<3 lines>... ) distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": visualstudio.microsoft /visual-cpp-build-tools/ [end of output] note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. error: subprocess-exited-with-error

先安装Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools，这是一个免费的工具集，包含了必要的编译器和库，可以用来编译Python扩展。 步骤如下：

访问Microsoft官方网站下载页面： Visual C++ Build Tools选择“工具”部分，然后选择“Visual C++ 生成工具”，点击“下载”。安装过程中，确保选择“用于桌面C++开发”的工作负载。安装完成后，重新打开命令行窗口，再次尝试安装Python包。 出现以下提示代表selenium安装成功 Successfully installed attrs-25.1.0 certifi-2025.1.31 cffi-1.17.1 h11-0.14.0 idna-3.10 outcome-1.3.0.post0 pycparser-2.22 pysocks-1.7.1 selenium-4.28.1 sniffio-1.3.1 sortedcontainers-2.4.0 trio-0.29.0 trio-websocket-0.12.1 typing_extensions-4.12.2 urllib3-2.3.0 websocket-client-1.8.0 wsproto-1.2.0 selenium三大组件

Selenium IDE，Selenium WebDriver（常用的），Selenium Grid

2. 把浏览器驱动复制到项目根路径